Gum Disease (Periodontitis)
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, causes red, swollen gums, and the connective tissue and bone that holds teeth in place may be destroyed. It is the major cause of tooth loss.
Plaque (a thick and sticky film of bacteria) can build up on the teeth if not removed by good oral hygiene (brushing and flossing). Plaque can harden to become calculus (tartar) which then causes inflammation and bleeding (gingivitis) and if left untreated leads to damaging periodontitis.
An initial scale and clean and curettage is required, followed by regular dental visits and thorough home maintenance.